海平面上升
 
  • 美國科學促進會(American Association for the Advancement of Science)會長約翰‧霍爾德倫博士(John Holdren),預言本世紀末海平面可能會上升4米,16 而美國太空總署戈達德太空研究所(Goddard Institute for Space Studies)負責人詹姆士‧韓森博士(James Hansen),先前則指出本世紀末海平面可能上升 5米。17 (分別於2006年、2007年發表)
  • 海平面僅僅上升1米,就會導致超過 1億的氣候難民,並危及如倫敦、開羅、曼谷、威尼斯、紐約和上海等大城市。18
  • 列舉遭受海平面上升影響的國家:

    • 悠樂(越南):該國的湄公河三角洲米倉區,其上游流域在2010年遭到鹹海水倒灌的區域高達前所未有的60公里,威脅了10萬公頃的稻米生長。19
    • 泰國:海水在25年內就會到達曼谷的陸地平面。20(泰國大地測量地球觀測技術:環境變遷觀測和調查,2010年)
    • 埃及:自1989年以來,羅塞塔(Rasheed )每年有超過 58米的海岸線消失。21(海岸研究所〔Coastal Research Institute〕歐姆南‧富萊喜〔Omran Frihy〕,2010年)

  • 海平面上升造成至少18個島國已完全消失,而更多的沿海地區仍繼續受到威脅。22 另外還有四十多個其他島國也因為海平面上升而岌岌可危。23
  • 海平面上升威脅著一半以上居住在離海岸線200公里內的世界人口。目前,沿海低窪地區和三角洲已經看到的影響:孟加拉有1,700萬人逃離家園,主要是因為海岸侵蝕。在以色列和泰國,以及太平洋、印度洋和加勒比海的小島嶼國家,還有世界的一些主要三角洲,如長江三角洲和湄公河三角洲地區,地下水源都已受到鹹水的污染。24

 參考來源
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